Outlet add-on module

ABSTRACT

A method and an apparatus for upgrading an existing service outlet (e.g. LAN, telephone, power or CATV outlet) in a house by adding functionality thereto. The functionality is added by an add-on module, connected electrically and secured mechanically to the existing outlet. Several attachment devices are exampled, including surface attachment, side clamping, snap locking, strap securing and fastening screws. The add-on module may include a service connector for retaining the basic existing outlet function. The module may be attached in a permanent way or by using a detachable solution.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation of pending application Ser.No. 10/838,319, filed on May 5, 2004, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of wiring using outlets, and,more specifically, to an add-on module for adding functionality to suchoutlets.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Outlets

The term “outlet” herein denotes an electro-mechanical device, whichfacilitates easy, rapid connection and disconnection of external devicesto and from wiring installed within a building. An outlet commonly has afixed connection to the wiring, and permits the easy connection ofexternal devices as desired, commonly by means of an integratedconnector in a faceplate. The outlet is normally mechanically attachedto, or mounted in, a wall or similar surface. Non-limiting examples ofcommon outlets include: telephone outlets for connecting telephones andrelated devices; CATV outlets for connecting television sets, VCR's, andthe like; outlets used as part of LAN wiring (a.k.a. structured wiring)and electrical outlets for connecting power to electrical appliances.The term “wall” herein denotes any interior or exterior surface of abuilding, including, but not limited to, ceilings and floors, inaddition to vertical walls.

Rear part of an outlet (or module) refers herein to the side facing thewall after installation, and commonly also comprises the connector tothe in-wall utility wiring. Front part refers to the opposing sidecommonly facing the room, and commonly comprising connectors forcoupling to the utility wiring.

The terms “data unit”, “computer” and “personal computer” (“PC”) areused herein interchangeably to include workstations, Personal DigitalAssistants (PDA) and other data terminal equipment (DTE) with interfacesfor connection to a local area network, as well as any other functionalunit of a data station that serves as a data source or a data sink (orboth).

LAN Environment.

FIG. 1 shows a typical prior art LAN environment 10. Such a networkcommonly uses 10BaseT or 100BaseTX Ethernet IEEE802.3 interfaces andtopology, and features a hub 11 as a concentrating device, into whichall devices are connected. Devices are connected to the hub 11 by dataconnectors 14 a, 14 b, and 14 c, which are housed within network outlets15 a, 15 b, and 15 c respectively. Connections to the hub 11 are viacables 13 a, 13 b, and 13 c respectively. Data connectors 14 a, 14 b,and 14 c may be, for example, type RJ-45 connectors; and cables 13 a, 13b, and 13 c may be, for example, Category 5 cabling. Such configurationis described, for example, in EIT/TIA-568 and EIA/TIA-570. The dataportion of network 10 uses data units (which may be computers) 7 a, 7 b,and 7 c, which connect to network connectors 14 a, 14 b, and 14 c viacables 16 a, 16 b, and 16 c, respectively. A server 12 may also beconnected to the hub 11, and can perform the external connectionfunctionality, as well as other server functions as applied in the art.

Although FIG. 1 refers to the hub 11 as a concentrating device, it is tobe understood that any type of device having multiple network interfacesand supporting a suitable connectivity can be used, non-limitingexamples of which include shared hubs, switches (switched hubs),routers, and gateways. Hence, the term “hub” herein denotes any suchdevice without limitation. Furthermore, network 10 can be a packet-basednetwork, either in-building or distributed, such as a LAN or theInternet.

Home Networking.

Most existing offices and some of the newly built buildings facilitatethe network structure of network 10. However, implementing such anetwork in existing buildings typically requires installation of newwiring infrastructure. Such installation of new wiring may beimpractical, expensive and problematic. As a result, many technologies(referred to as “no new wires” technologies) have been proposed in orderto facilitate a LAN in a building without adding new wiring. Some ofthese techniques use existing utility wiring installed primarily forother purposes such as telephone, electricity, cable television (CATV),and so forth. Such approach offers the advantage of being able toinstall such systems and networks without the additional and oftensubstantial cost of installing separate wiring within the building.

The technical aspect for allowing the wiring to carry both the service(such as telephony, electricity and CATV) and the data communicationsignal commonly involves using FDM technique (Frequency DivisionMultiplexing). In such configuration, the service signal and the datacommunication signals are carried across the respective utility wiringeach using a distinct frequency spectrum band. The concept of FDM isknown in the art, and provides means of splitting the bandwidth carriedby a medium such as wiring. In the case of a telephone wiring carryingboth telephony and data communication signals, the frequency spectrum issplit into a low-frequency band capable of carrying an analog telephonysignal and a high-frequency band capable of carrying data communicationor other signals. Such a mechanism is described, for example, in U.S.Pat. No. 4,785,448 to Reichert et al., and is also widely used in XDSLsystems, primarily Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL) systems.

Either in the case of FDM or any other technique, the wiring system iscommonly required to support connection of a data unit to the datacommunication signal carried over the medium. Furthermore, it iscommonly required that such a connection will make use of a standardinterface having standard data communication connector. One approach isto use dedicated stand-alone, desktop style adapter device, connectedbetween existing outlet and the data unit. Other approaches aredescribed herein.

Functional Outlet Approach.

This approach involves substituting the existing service outlets with‘network’ active outlets. Outlets in general (to include LAN structuredwiring, electrical power outlets, telephone outlets, and cabletelevision outlets) have evolved as passive devices being part of thewiring system house infrastructure and solely serving the purpose ofproviding access to the in-wall wiring. However, there is a trendtowards embedding active circuitry in the outlet in order to use them aspart of the home/office network, and typically to provide a standarddata communication interface. In most cases, the circuits added servethe purpose of adding data interface connectivity to the outlet, addedto its basic passive connectivity function.

An outlet supporting both telephony and data interfaces for use withtelephone wiring is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,549,616 entitled‘Telephone outlet for implementing a local area network over telephonelines and a local area network using such outlets’ to Binder. Suchoutlets are available as part of NetHome™ system from SercoNet Inc. ofSouthborough, Mass. USA.

Another telephone outlet is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,216,160 toDichter, entitled ‘Automatically configurable computer network’. Anexample of home networking over CATV coaxial cables using outlets isdescribed in WO 02/065229 published 22 Aug., 2002 entitled: ‘CableranNetworking over Coaxial Cables’ to Cohen et al. Such outlets areavailable as part of HomeRAN™ system from TMT Ltd. of Jerusalem, Israel.Outlets for use in conjunction with wiring carrying telephony, data andentertainment signals are disclosed in US Patent Application PublicationUS2003/0099228 to Alcock entitled ‘Local area and multimedia networkusing radio frequency and coaxial cable’. Outlets for use with combineddata and power using powerlines are described in US Patent ApplicationPublication US2003/0062990 to Schaeffer et al. entitled ‘Powerlinebridge apparatus’. Such power outlets are available as part of PlugLAN™by Asoka USA Corporation of San Carlos, Calif. USA.

While the active outlets have been described above with regard tonetworks formed over wiring used for basic services (e.g. telephone,CATV and power), it will be appreciated that the invention can beequally applied to outlets used in networks using dedicated wiring. Insuch a case, the outlet circuitry is used to provide additionalinterfaces to an outlet, beyond the basic service of single dataconnectivity interface. For example, it may be used to provide multipledata interfaces wherein the wiring supports single such data connection.An example of such outlet is the Network Jack™ product familymanufactured by 3Com™ of Santa-Clara, Calif., U.S.A. In addition, suchoutlets are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,108,331 to Thompson entitled‘Single Medium Wiring Scheme for Multiple Signal Distribution inBuilding and Access Port Therefor’ as well as U.S. Patent Application US2003/0112965 Published Jun. 19, 2003 to McNamara et al. entitled ‘ActiveWall Outlet’.

While the active outlets have been described with regard to outlets andnetworks based on conductive media such as wires and cables, it will beappreciated that such outlets are equally applicable in the case whereinthe network medium is non-conductive, such as fiber-optical cabling.Active outlets supporting data interfaces and based on fiber opticcabling are described in U.S. Patent Application US 2002/0146207Published Oct. 10, 2002 to Chu, entitled ‘Fiber Converter FaceplateOutlet’, as well as in U.S. Pat. No. 6,108,331 to Thompson entitled‘Single Medium Wiring Scheme for Multiple Signal Distribution inBuilding and Access Port Iherefor’. As such, the term ‘wiring’ as usedin this application as well as in the appended claims should beinterpreted to include networks based on non-conductive medium such asfiber-optics cabling.

While the outlets described above use active circuitry for splitting thedata and service signals, passive implementations are also available. Anexample of such passive outlet is disclosed in PCT Publication WO02/25920 to Binder entitled ‘Telephone communication system and methodover local area network wiring’. Such outlets are available as part ofthe etherSPLIT™ system from QLynk Communication Inc. of College Station,Tex. USA.

The described above outlets are complete and self-contained devices. Assuch, they can be easily installed in new houses instead of regularpassive simple outlets. However, such solutions are not appropriate inthe case of retrofitting existing wiring systems. In most cases, anysuch modification will require dismantling the existing outlets andinstalling the new ones having the improved features. Such activity iscumbersome, expensive and will often require professional skill.Furthermore, owing to safety aspects involved while handling hazardousvoltages (such as in the powerlines and telephone lines), localregulations may require only certified personnel to handle the wiring,making it expensive and militating against a do-it-yourself approach.

Furthermore, as the technology and environment change in time, a need toupgrade, modify or change the outlet functionalities, features andcharacteristics may arise. For example, the data interface may need tobe upgraded to interconnect with new standards. In another example, thecircuitry may need to be upgraded to support higher bandwidth.Similarly, management and Quality of Service (QoS) functionalities mayneed to be either introduced or upgraded. In yet another examples,additional functionalities and interfaces may need to be added. Usingcomplete self-contained outlets as a substitute to the existing onesalso introduces the disadvantages described above.

Plug-In Device.

One approach to adding functionality to existing outlets is by using aplug-in module. A pictorial view of such a module 20 suitable forpowerlines connection is shown in FIG. 2. The module plugs into aregular power outlet using prongs 22 a and 22 b, and provide access to adata unit via data connector 21 (shown as RJ-45 used for 10/100 Base-TIEEE802.3 interface). Optional visual indicators 23 a, 23 b and 23 c mayalso be employed. The prongs 22 a, 22 b are used for both the electricalconnection and for the mechanical attachment of the unit 20 to the poweroutlet. Such plug-in modules are described in US Patent ApplicationPublication US 2002/0039388 to Smart et al. entitled ‘High data-ratepowerline network system and method’, US Patent Application PublicationUS 2002/0060617 to Walbeck et al. entitled ‘Modular power line networkadapter’ and also in US Patent Application Publication US 2003/0062990to Schaeffer, J R et al. entitled ‘Powerline bridge apparatus’. Such amodule using HomePlug™ technology are available from multiple sourcessuch as part of PlugLink™ products by Asoka USA Corporation of SanCarlos, Calif., USA. HomePlug is a trademark of HomePlug PowerlineAlliance, Inc. of San Ramon, Calif., USA.

However, such plug-in modules are known only with regards to poweroutlets, and are not available for telephone or CATV outlets.Furthermore, since the outlets in general, including power outlets, werenot designed to offer any mechanical support beyond a plug connection,such plug-in modules are not mechanically secured to the wall/outlet,hence such attachment is not considered sustainable and reliable.Furthermore, such plug-in modules are bulky in appearance and notaesthetic.

There is thus a widely recognized need for, and it would be highlyadvantageous to have, a method and system for allowing reliable, easyand simple upgrading of outlets, preferably without requiringprofessional installation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method andsystem for allowing easy and simple upgrading of outlets, preferablywithout requiring professional installation. An add-on module is usedfor providing additional functionality to the existing outlet.

The invention describes an add on module for adding functionality tooutlets serving existing wiring such as telephone, power and CATV anddedicated wiring such as LAN wiring (collectively ‘service wiring’,‘service outlet’). Non-conductive infrastructure such as fiber opticsbased is also included.

The add-on module (or ‘module’ herein) is both electrically connectedand mechanically attached to the existing outlet. The mechanicalattachment may be permanent or detachable, wherein the latter may be byhand or with specific tools. The electrical connection may use amechanically fixed connector or tethered connector (‘dongle’). In oneaspect of the present invention, the module is mounted on the existingoutlet by means of attaching to the outlet surface. Such attachment mayuse suction force, adhesive materials (e.g. glue) or VELCRO. VELCRO is aregistered trademark of Velcro Industries B.V. In another aspect of thepresent invention, the module is attached to the sides of the outlets.Such attachment may use pressure or eccentric levers or securing strap.In another aspect of the present invention, the module is attached byinserting tabs between the outlet and the wall. In another aspect of thepresent invention, the module is attached by fastening screws, whereinthe screws are inserted via the module and the holes in the outlets.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module is attached tothe outlet by using a mechanical adapter. The adapter is attached to theoutlet, and the module is independently attached to the adapter. Theattachment of the adapter to the outlet may use any of the abovedescribed mechanical attachment methods. Similarly, the attachment ofthe module to the adapter may also use any of the described abovemethods, as well as latching, using magnetic forces and locking.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module is used inconjunction with a data network carried over wiring simultaneouslyserving basic service is described. The basic service may be telephonycarried over telephone wiring, power carried over powerlines and CATVcarried over coaxial cable television infrastructure, as well as datanetworking using dedicated LAN wiring. In such a case, the outletcomprises a data/service splitter/combiner for separating the basicservice signal carried over the wiring, and allowing access thereto by arespective connector (telephone, power or CATV connector). The datasignal is separated by a respective medium modem, and coupled to a dataunit via a connector coupled to an adapter. A hub and management may beoptionally employed as explained above.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module further comprisesan adapter providing an analog interface such as analog video, analogvoice and telephone.

In another aspect of the present invention, a non-wired interface, suchas light (e.g. infrared), audio or radio frequency (wireless) based, isused for coupling to a data unit. In such a case, the data unitconnector is substituted by an appropriate non-wired transceiver.

In conjunction with a wired Local area Network (LAN), a multi-portactive network outlet is described. Such outlet comprises a transceiverto allow data communication over the network wiring. The outlet supportsone or more connectors, each allowing for data unit coupling to the datacommunication signal by a respective transceiver. Furthermore, theoutlet comprises an adapter and connected respective connector allowingfor coupling a data unit to the data communication signal via a distinctinterface. The outlet further optionally comprises a hub for themultiple data streams to be coupled. An optional management/processingfunctionality may also be embedded in the outlet.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module comprises passivecomponents for the networking functionality. In another aspect of thepresent invention, the module comprises active components for theprovided functionality (e.g. networking). In the latter case, the activecircuitry within the module needs to be power fed in order to workproperly. The module may be locally powered by a dedicated connection toa local power source (e.g. AC power, directly or via AC/DC converter).Alternatively, the module is power fed from a power signal carried overthe wiring. In another aspect of the present invention, the module ispowered by an appliance connected thereto.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module is used toprovide non-networking functionalities. In such a case, part or all ofthe functionalities of a device which normally connects to the outlet,are integrated into the module. In another aspect of the presentinvention, the module is used to provide both electrical coupling to theservice outlet as well as mechanical support. Such mechanical supportcan be used to hold and attach (and detach) appliances and devices tothe module. The electrical connection may include only connection to theservice signal (such as AC power in the case of power module). In otherembodiments, the electrical connection may include coupling to the datasignal carried over the service wiring (such as telephone moduleproviding coupling to a data signal carried over telephone wiring).Other embodiments may include coupling the mechanically attachedappliances to both the service and data signals carried over the wiring.For example, mobile and handheld appliances such as PDA and cellulartelephones are described. In one aspect of the invention, such a moduleis used to add service connections to an outlet.

In one aspect of the present invention, a power module is describedcomprising power related functionalities such as multiple AC powersockets, power switch, lighting dimmer, safety means (e.g. fuse),lightning protection, visual or audible indicators, load control (suchas fan speed control), timer switching, filters (e.g. noise filters) andsensors (such as security, heat and flood sensors). In one aspect of thepresent invention, a power module is described comprising powerconverter appliances such as AC/DC converters and chargers, such as PDAand cellular telephone chargers. In the case of chargers (such as forPDAs and cellular telephones), the module may include the cradlefunctionality (e.g. mechanical housing) for providing a mechanicalsupport during charging. In one aspect of the present invention, a powermodule is described for providing a coupling to the data signal carriedover the power wiring.

In one aspect of the present invention, a telephone module is describedcomprising telephone related functionalities such as multiple telephonejacks, filters (such as ADSL/HomePNA micro filters and noise filters),safety means (e.g. fuse), lightning protection, visual or audibleindicators and sensors (such as security, heat and flood sensors). Inone aspect of the present invention, a telephone module is describedcomprising power converter appliances and chargers, such as PDA andcellular telephone chargers. In the case of chargers (such as for PDAsand cellular telephones), the module may include the cradlefunctionality (e.g. mechanical housing) for providing a mechanicalsupport during charging. In one aspect of the present invention, atelephone module is described for providing a coupling to the datasignal carried over the telephone wiring. Other telephone applianceswhich may be integrated (in part or in full) or mechanically supportedby a telephone module are described such as answering machines, modems(such as dial up or xDSL), telephone set (either landline or cordless)and caller-ID.

In one aspect of the present invention, a CATV module is describedcomprising telephone related functionalities such as RF splitter,filters, safety means (e.g. fuse), lightning protection, visual oraudible indicators and sensors (such as security, heat and floodsensors). CATV Related appliances which may be integrated (in part or infull) or mechanically supported by a CATV module are described such ascable modem, set top box, VCR. DVD, DVR, television set, DRM devices.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module comprises visual(or audible or both) indicators for monitoring the module status. Suchindicators may indicate power availability, proper operation of part orall of the circuitry included in the module, communication status (ofeither the wiring communication or the module connected device or both)and the status of the service signal.

In another aspect of the present invention, the module providesintangible added functionality to an outlet such as improved aestheticsor any other way of pleasing the eye. Non-limiting examples are color,texture and artistic shaping of the module.

It is understood that other embodiments of the present invention willbecome readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the followingdetailed description, wherein are shown and described only embodimentsof the invention by way of illustration. As will be realized, theinvention is capable of other and different embodiments and its severaldetails are capable of modification in various other respects, allwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded asillustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is herein described, by way of non-limiting example only,with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary prior art local area network.

FIG. 2 shows a pictorial view of an exemplary prior art power module.

FIGS. 3 a and 3 b show respective rear and front schematic view of anexemplary prior art telephone outlet.

FIG. 4 a shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 c shows pictorially a rear view of an exemplary telephone moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 5 a shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows pictorially a part of a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIGS. 7 a and 7 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 a shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 b shows pictorially a part of a rear view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 c shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIGS. 9 a and 9 b show schematically a front view of an exemplary CATVmodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 c shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary CATV moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIGS. 10 a and 10 b show schematically a front view of an exemplarypower module according to the present invention.

FIGS. 11 a and 11 c show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 b shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 d shows pictorially a front view and part thereof of anexemplary telephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 a shows schematically a strap for use with a module according tothe present invention.

FIG. 12 b show schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 a shows schematically a strap for use with a module according tothe present invention.

FIG. 13 b show schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 c shows pictorially a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIGS. 14 a and 14 b show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 a shows schematically an adapter for use with a module accordingto the present invention.

FIGS. 15 b and 15 c show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 d shows pictorially a view of an exemplary telephone moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 16 a shows schematically an adapter for use with a module accordingto the present invention.

FIGS. 16 b and 16 c show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 d shows pictorially an adapter and an outlet for use with amodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 a shows pictorially an adapter and an outlet for use with amodule according to the present invention.

FIGS. 17 b and 17 c show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 d shows pictorially a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 a shows schematically a front view of an adapter and of anexemplary telephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 b shows schematically a rear view of an adapter and of anexemplary telephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 c shows schematically an adapter and an outlet for use with amodule according to the present invention.

FIGS. 18 d and 18 e show schematically a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 f shows pictorially part of a front view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 g shows pictorially part of a rear view of an exemplarytelephone module according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 a shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 21 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 23 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary CATV moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 24 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary LAN moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 25 shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 26 shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention

FIG. 28 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 29 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 30 a shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 30 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 31 shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule according to the present invention.

FIG. 32 a shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 32 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 32 c shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 33 a shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 33 b shows schematically a rear view of an exemplary power moduleaccording to the present invention.

FIG. 33 c shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power modulewith a PDA according to the present invention.

FIG. 33 d shows schematically a front view of an exemplary power modulewith a cellular phone according to the present invention.

FIG. 33 e shows schematically a front view of an exemplary telephonemodule with a PDA according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 a shows schematically a front view of an exemplary artisticallyshaped power module according to the present invention.

FIG. 34 b shows schematically a front view of an exemplary artisticallyshaped power module according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 shows a functional block diagram of an exemplary moduleaccording to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS

The principles and operation of a network according to the presentinvention may be understood with reference to the drawings and theaccompanying description. The drawings and descriptions are conceptualonly. In actual practice, a single component can implement one or morefunctions; alternatively, each function can be implemented by aplurality of components and circuits. In the drawings and descriptions,identical reference numerals indicate those components that are commonto different embodiments or configurations.

Module.

The present invention relates to a module that both connectselectrically to an existing outlet and is also mechanically attachedthereto. For the sake of simplicity, the invention will be herein firstdescribed with respect to a module for use in conjunction with atelephone outlet, in order to provide the electrical connection thereto.Front and rear views of a basic exemplary telephone module 30 arerespectively shown in FIGS. 3 b and 3 a. An RJ-11 telephone plug 31 ismounted on a rear surface of the module 30 so as to protrude outwardlytherefrom for connecting to the outlet RJ-11 telephone socket. On thefront surface of the module there are provided two RJ-11 sockets 32 aand 32 b, commonly in order to retain the telephone connectivity, and aRJ-45 connector 34 for data communication connection (such as common10/100Base-T Ethernet interface). The module may also employ visualindicators such as 33 a and 33 b.

Surface Attachment.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the module ismechanically attached to the front surface of an existing outlet. Thismay be done using suction, for example.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the mechanicalattachment uses suction for the mechanical attachment. FIG. 4 a showssuch a module where suction is used to attach the module to the frontsurface of an existing outlet. Added to the basic module 30, the module40 comprises two suction pads 41 a and 41 b, which upon being pressedagainst the existing outlet 42 surface as shown in FIG. 4 b, becomeattached thereto. Simultaneously, the connector 31 is mated withconnector 43. While two suction units 41 a and 41 b are illustrated, anynumber of such units may be used providing that sufficient suction iscreated to support the weight of the module. A pictorial view of such amodule 40 is shown in FIG. 4 c, further showing a release lever 44 sothat depressing the release lever 44 releases the connector 31 in orderto detach the module 40 from the outlet 42.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the module ismechanically attached to the front surface of an existing outlet usingadhesive material such as glue or adhesive stickers. The adhesivematerial may be applied to all or part of the surface area of theexisting outlet, wherein contact with the module is required. FIGS. 5 aand 5 b show such an attachment of a module 50 to an outlet 42, whereinglue is applied to a specific area 51 (marked as shaded) of the module50 and/or to the opposing surface 52 of outlet 42. In most cases, suchattachment is permanent.

Alternatively, releasable mechanical attachment can be achieved by usingso called “hook and loop” fasteners, such as VELCRO, or any otherreleasably joined surfaces. In this approach mating Velcro strips areattached to both the existing outlet and the module (e.g. by means ofadhesives) on opposing and contacting surfaces, such that mechanicalattachment is formed by juxtaposing the mating strips. The module can beseparated from the outlet by applying enough force to release the VELCROfastener.

As described above, the present invention uses two approaches formechanical attachment, namely permanent and detachable. In the permanentsolution, such as the gluing described above, the module is attached tothe existing outlet and cannot be easily detached therefrom, thuscreating a joined outlet/module unit. In the detachable approach, where,for example, suction or VELCRO are used, the module may be detached andseparated from the outlet, allowing for returning to the pre-attachmentstate. The separation of the module from the outlet may be easy and barehanded (such as in the case of Velcro, for example), or use standard orspecific tools (e.g. screwdriver).

The electrical connection between the existing outlet and the module ismade via utility connectors, such as RJ-11 jacks for telephony asdescribed above. In one more embodiments of the present invention, theconnector also aids and enhances the mechanical attachment. As describedabove, the RJ-11 plug is fixed and attached to the module, thusproviding the additional mechanical support. However, some connectorsare not designed for such mechanical stress and may be harmed in suchusage or affect the reliability of the electrical connection. In one ormore embodiments of the present invention, the connector is used solelyfor the electrical connection. In such a case, the mating connector inthe module is not fixed to the enclosure but rather connects via a cable(‘dongle’ approach). An exemplary configuration is shown in FIG. 6illustrating a RJ-11 plug 31 connected to the module 60 (a portion ofwhose rear part is shown) via a short cable 61. Mounting of a module onan existing outlet typically requires connecting the connector in themodule to the mating connector in the outlet, followed by the mechanicalattachment. In the case wherein the attachment is not permanent, themodule connector should be unplugged as part of the separation process.

Side Clamping.

In accordance with other embodiments of the invention, side clamping isemployed whereby the module is attached by means of modules partspressed against the sides of the existing outlets. Such a configurationis illustrated in FIGS. 7 a and 7 b. A module 70 shown is based on basicmodule 30 described above, further having movable side bars 71 a and 71b that may be splayed apart and released so as to engage respectiveedges 72 a and 72 b of the outlet 42. The recesses 71 a and 71 b may beresiliently mounted on the outer surface of the outlet so as to becapable of mutual outward separation. Alternatively, the edges 72 a and72 b of the outlet 42 may be provided with an outwardly protruding ridgethat engages the respective recesses 71 a and 71 b, in which case it issufficient to rely on the elasticity of the outlet casing to ensure asnap fit between the recesses and the respective ridges. Springs may beused to provide the pressing forces. The module 70 attached to outlet 42is shown in FIG. 7 b. Although in the figures, the peripheral recesses71 a and 71 b are mounted on side edges of the outlet, they can equalwell be mounted on upper and lower edges thereof.

FIG. 8 a shows a module 80 having a pair of eccentric levers 81 a and 81b, constituting an eccentric level mechanism. As shown in the detailedview 82 in FIG. 8 b, the lever 81 b may swivel about axis 83. Uponattaching the module 80 to the outlet 42 as shown in FIG. 8 c andpushing the levers in a first direction (e.g. upward), the levers 81 aand 81 b are pressed against respective sides surfaces 72 a and 72 b ofthe outlet 42 thus ‘locking’ the module 80 to the outlet 42. Rotatingthe levers 81 in a second, opposite direction (e.g. downward), unlocksthe module 80 from the outlet 42.

While the invention has been described with regard to a module forinstalling onto a telephone outlet, it will be appreciated that theinvention equally applies to other outlets, such as power and CATVoutlets. An example of a module 90 using side clamping as describedabove is shown in FIG. 9 a. Similar to module 70 described above, themodule 90 comprises a data connector 34, indicators 33 a and 33 b, aswell as movable side bars 71 a and 71 b. Instead of the telephone jacks32 a and 32 b of module 70, an RF connector 91 is employed. Theconnector 91 may be F-Type connector common in CATV system in NorthAmerica, BNC type or any other. As shown in FIG. 9 b, the module 90 isattached to a CATV outlet 92 having RF connector 99, which may be F-Typejack common in CATV system in North-America, BNC type or any othercoaxial cable connector. In a similar manner as described above, themodule 90 is attached and secured to the outlet 92 via peripheralrecesses 71 a and 71 b that engage respective side edges 72 a and 72 bof the outlet 92.

FIG. 9 c shows a snap-on module 90 having an RF plug 94 that is flexiblymounted via a short cable 95. However, the plug may equally well berigidly mounted to the outlet.

An example of a module for use with power outlets is shown as module 100in FIG. 10 a. Serving in conjunction with power delivery wiring themodule comprises a power receptacle 101 shown to support two prongappliances common in North America. Other features are similar to themodules described above. The module 100 can snap onto the power outlet102, as shown in FIG. 10 b, connecting to an outlet power receptacle 93and mechanically attached to its side surfaces 72 a and 72 b asexplained above. While a 2-prong outlet and plug are described, it willbe appreciated that the same applies for 3-prong outlets and plugs.

Snap Locking.

In one or more embodiments according to present invention the module isattached to the existing outlet by inserting a tab between the outletfaceplate and the wall. Such a module 110 is shown in FIG. 11 a. Themodule 110 is based on the module 30, wherein two swing latches 111 a(shown in FIG. 11 d) and 111 b are added, as shown in FIG. 11 b. Uponattachment of the module 110 to outlet 42, a snap lock action isachieved by swinging the latches 111 a and 111 b, such that the latchesare forced between the outlet 42 and a wall on which the outlet 42 ismounted. Such action attaches the module 110 to the outlet 42 as shownin FIG. 11 c. FIG. 11 d shows a detailed view 112 of the latch 111 a. Inthis example, no simple releasing mechanism of latches 111 is described.

Band/Strap Securing.

While the invention has been described with regard to the attachmentmeans being an integral part of the module, it will be appreciated thatthe invention equally applies to the cases wherein the mechanicalattachment means are decoupled from both the existing outlet and themodule. Such an approach is now demonstrated herein by way ofnon-limiting example with regard to the use of a securing strap or band.

A U-shaped securing band or strap 120 is illustrated in FIGS. 12 a and12 b. The band 120 is stiff yet provides some degree of elasticity, andcomprises two rigid abutments 121 a and 121 b. The band 120 is used tourge the module 30 against the outlet 42, wherein the abutments 121 aand 121 b abut a rear surface of the outlet 42, thus securing themechanical attachment.

FIG. 13 a shows a similar band 130 whose abutments 121 a and 121 b arearticulated to respective levers 131 a and 131 b. A module 30 attachedto an outlet 42 using the band 130 is illustrated in FIG. 13 b and inFIG. 13 c. The levers 131 a and 131 b may be used to latch and securethe surfaces 121 a and 121 b in place, or alternatively may be used forreleasing their pressure, thus enabling easy and quick separation of themodule 30 from the outlet 42.

While the invention has been described with regard to a limited numberof attachment techniques such as surface attachment, side clamping, snaplocking and strap securing, it will be appreciated that the inventionapplies equally to other methods and means supporting mechanicalattachment and electrical connection of a module to an outlet.Furthermore, it will be appreciated that any combination of the abovemethods or any combination of any one described method with anothermethod falls within the scope of the present invention.

Fastening Screws

Common existing outlets are comprised of two parts: a plastic faceplatemounted at the front of the outlet, and the outlet body which is securedto the wall. In most cases, the faceplate is fastened to the outlet bodyby one or two screws. In one or more embodiments, screws are used forsecuring the module to the outlet. If desired, the same screws may beused for securing the faceplate to the outlet body. A faceplate 42 of anoutlet with screws removed is shown in FIG. 14 a, illustrating threadedapertures 141 a and 141 b. The Figure also shows a module 145, havingtwo thru-holes 142 a and 142 b. Screws 143 a and 143 b are insertedthrough the respective thru-holes to the module 145 so as to threadablyengage the threaded apertures 141 a and 141 b in the outlet 42 therebysecuring the module 145 to the outlet body. The screws 143 are longerthan the ones used just for securing the outlet faceplate alone.

Upon tightening the screws 143 the module 145 is mechanically attachedto the outlet 42 as shown in FIG. 14 b. Unscrewing the screws 143 allowsthe separation of the module 145 from the outlet 42. It should be notedthat in this embodiment, faceplate 42 of the outlet may be eliminatedupon attaching the module to the outlet.

Adapters.

The invention has been described above with respect to the case whereinthe module directly mounts on the existing outlet, without using anyintermediary device (except adhesives). However, in many cases it may bebeneficial to use a discrete mechanical adapter between the outlet andthe module. When using such mechanical adapter, the adapter is to beattached to both the existing outlet and to the module. One advantage ofusing such adapter is the capability of mounting the same module tovarious outlet configurations, using different adapters for each outlettype. Another advantage involves the capability to easily exchangemodules types, while obviating the need to replace the mechanicaladapter.

In the configuration of using a mechanical adapter, two mechanicalattachments are involved. One is the attachment of the adapter to theexisting outlet, and the other involves attaching the module to themechanical adapter. The above mechanical attachments are of course inaddition to the need for the electrical connection of the module to theoutlet. According to the invention, the two attachments, namely theoutlet/adapter and the adapter/module are fully decoupled andindependent. For example, each attachment may be permanent or removable.Furthermore, in some applications the outlet/adapter attachment will beexecuted first, while other applications may call for the adapter/moduleattachment to be performed first.

Each or both of the outlet/adapter and adapter/module attachments mayuse any of the above described attachment methods, such as sideclamping, surface attachment, snap locking and strap/band securing, orany other attachment methods and means. For the sake of simplicity, anexample describing only adapter/module attachments will now bedescribed.

Latch/Snap-Fit adapter.

An exemplary latch/snap-fit adapter 150 according to the presentinvention is illustrated in FIG. 15 a. In this example, the mechanicaladapter 150 is attached to the outlet using surface attaching, such asadhesives. An opening 151 in the adapter 150 allows access to theexisting outlet jack. Two snap-fit connectors are provided eachcomprising a flexible tab having a respective outwardly projecting lug152 a and 152 b on outermost faces thereof for attaching to the snap-onmodule. The adapter 150 is first attached (e.g. glued) to the existingoutlet 42 as shown in FIG. 15 b. The adapter 150 is used in conjunctionwith module 155 shown in FIG. 15 b. The module 155 has apertures, ofwhich only one 156 a is shown, in opposite surfaces and beingdimensioned for engaging corresponding ones of the lugs 152 a and 152 bwhereby the module 155 is snap-fitted on to the outlet 42 as shown inFIG. 15 c.

While the above attachment is described regarding first attaching theadapter 150 to the outlet 42, in a similar way the first action may beattaching the adapter 150 to the module 155 as shown in FIG. 15 d. Insuch case, the combined module 155/adapter 150 is then attached (e.g.glued) to the existing outlet 42.

It is apparent that such module 155/adapter 150 attachment may bepermanent or separable. In the latter case, pushing or depressing thelugs 152 will release the module 155 from the combined outlet 42/adapter150 assembly.

While the above configuration has been illustrated showing verticallylocated slots, it will be apparent that horizontal snap-fit connectorsmay equally well be used, as are shown in the adapter 160 depicted inFIGS. 16 a to 16 d.

While adapters 150 and 160 above have been described as each having twosupport attachment points, it will be appreciated that this is notintended to be limiting and more than two connectors may be used. Thus,FIG. 17 a shows an exemplary adapter 170 supporting four snap-fitconnectors, of which only two 171 a and 171 b are shown, attached to anoutlet 42. Two snap-fit connectors 171 a and 171 b are located on theupper surface and two snap-fit connectors (not shown) are located on thelower surface, thereby providing four supporting points in total. Amodule 175 shown in FIG. 17 b comprises respective apertures of whichonly two 176 a and 176 b are shown, for engaging the snap-fit connectorsin the adapter, resulting in a combined module 175/adapter 170/outlet 42as shown in exploded view in FIG. 17 b, and pictorially in FIGS. 17 cand 17 d. In one or more embodiments according to the present invention,two of the snap-fit connectors (e.g. the two lower ones not shown in theFigures) may be used as axis and guiding means, aiding the locking ofthe other pair 171 a and 171 b.

Bayonet (Rotating) Latch.

In one or more embodiments according to the present invention, arotating latch mechanism is used, as shown in FIG. 18 a. The figureillustrates an adapter 180 comprising a receptacle/socket 181. Theadapter 180 is releasably secured to a module 185 using a bayonet latchcomprising a rotating plug 186 having two positions, namely ‘Open’ and‘Locked’ for bayonet fitting to the socket 181. As shown in FIG. 18 b,in the ‘“Open” position the rotating plug 186 can freely move in and outof the receptacle/socket 181. The adapter 180 is shown in FIG. 18 cattached to outlet 42. Module 185 spaced from outlet 42 prior tomounting is shown in FIG. 18 d. Upon attaching the module 185 to thecombined outlet 42/adapter 180 assembly, the rotating plug 186 isinserted into socket 181 and twisted from the front (as shown in FIGS.18 c and 18 f) to the ‘Locked’ position using a screwdriver, a coin orthe like, thereby bayonet locking of the plug 186 to receptacle 181, andattaching the module 185 to outlet 42. The locked configuration is shownin FIG. 18 g. Rotation the plug 186 back to the ‘Open’ position willrelease the module 186 from the adapter 180/outlet 42 assembly. While asingle plug/receptacle pair has been described, it will be appreciatedthat two or more such bayonet latches may be used, resulting in addedstability and security.

Magnetic Adapter.

While the invention has been described with regard to using mechanicalstructures, forces, moments and mechanisms, it will be appreciated thatthe invention equally applies to any other attaching techniques such asusing magnetic forces. An example of such embodiment is shown in FIG. 19a. The module 190 comprises two magnets 191 a and 191 b. As illustratedin FIG. 19 b, magnetic or magnetizable metal discs 192 a and 192 b,serving as the adapter, are attached (e.g. glued) to the outlet 42, inregistration with the respective module 190 surfaces 191. Themagnets/discs 191 a and 191 b are magnetically attached to therespective metal discs 192 a and 192 b, thus attaching the module 190 tothe outlet 42. It will be appreciated that both 191 and 192 may bemagnetic bodies having opposite polarities. Similarly, the module 190may comprises metal discs 192 for mating with magnetic surfaces 191 onthe outlet 42.

While the invention has been described with regard to mechanicaladapters being a discrete and stand alone device, it will be appreciatedthat the invention applies equally to the cases wherein the adapter isan integral with the outlet, or to the cases wherein the adapter is anintegral with the module.

Home Network Based Module.

A general functional schematic block diagram of a module 250 typicallyused in home network environment is shown in FIG. 20. The module 250facilitates a data network over in-house wiring simultaneously with thebasic service, which the wiring was originally installed to support.Non-limiting examples are a telephone outlet connected to the telephonewiring to support telephone service, a power outlet connected to thepower wiring to support AC power distribution and a CATV outletconnected to the CATV cabling to support CATV distribution. The moduleconnects to the outlet via a connector 251. Since in most cases themodule 250 is required to retain the basic service (being telephony, ACpower or CATV) added to data networking functionality, the module 250embeds a service connector 253 used to provide the original service. Adata/service splitter/combiner 252 is used to separate (and combine) thebasic service signal carried over the wiring from the data signal. Forexample, in the case wherein the data and the service each use signalsof a different frequency spectrum over the wiring (FDM—FrequencyDivision Multiplexing), the splitter/combiner 252 will use a firstfilter to isolate the service signal spectrum and to couple it toservice connector 253 as well as a second filter to isolate the datasignal spectrum and to feed it to a medium modem 254. Similarly, theservice and data signals are combined by the splitter/combiner 252 andfed to the wiring via connector 251. In some implementations, thetechnology enables a direct connection of the medium modem 254 and theservice connector 253, thus obviating the need for the data/servicesplitter/combiner 252, and both the medium modem 254 and the serviceconnector 253 are directly connected to the wiring connector 251. Mediummodem 254 functions to transmit and receive data over the wiring. In thecase of a power outlet, the medium modem 254 enables carrying data overthe powerlines. Similarly, the medium modem 254 enables carrying dataover the telephone wiring in the case of telephone outlet and over theCATV cables in the case of CATV outlet. In most cases, the modem 254,working together with the splitter/combiner 252, is optimized neither tointerfere with the basic service signal carried over the wiring nor tobe interfered by it.

The module 250 provides access to the data carried over the in-housewiring via a module integrated interface, comprising data connector 258and interface adapter 256. Interface adapter 256 functions to includeall circuitry required in order to support the required interface whenconnected to the data network, while the actual physical connection usesdata connector 258, representing data connector 34 described above. Ingeneral, any serial or parallel data interface may be used. However, inmost cases, the data interface supported as well as the connector 258will adhere to a common standard data interface. Examples of suchdigital data interfaces are IEEE802.3 10/100/1000BaseT (commonly usingRJ-45 connector type 34 shown above), USB (Universal Serial Bus),IEEE1284, EIA/TIA-232, IEEE1394 as well as others. Furthermore, theinterface supported by the module 250 through connector 258 may also beof analog type rather than the digital type described. Some examplesdescribing outlet built-in interfaces are:

-   -   1. Analog video interface. The outlet may be used to input        analog video, output analog video or both. It should be noted        that this video is to be distinguished from the CATV video        signal carries as basic service, but rather involves a video        signal carried in digital form as part of the data network        formed. An outlet supporting an analog video interface is        described in WO 03/039150 entitled ‘Outlet with analog signal        adapter, a method for use thereof and a network using said        outlet’ assigned to the present assignee. In such an outlet, the        interface adapter 256 comprises Analog to Digital (A/D) or        Digital to Analog (D/A) converters as appropriate.    -   2. Analog voice (audio) interface. The outlet may be used to        input analog voice, output analog voice or both. It should be        noted that this voice is to be distinguished from the telephony        signal carried as basic service, but rather involves a voice        signal carried in digital form as part of the data network        formed. In such an outlet, the interface adapter 256 comprises        Analog to Digital (A/D) or Digital to Analog (D/A) converters as        appropriate.    -   3. Telephone interface. The outlet may be used to connect to a        telephone device. It should be noted that this telephone signal        is to be distinguished from the telephone signal carried as        basic service, but rather involves a telephone signal carried in        digital form as part of the data network formed. An outlet        supporting telephone interface is described in WO 03/005691        entitled ‘Telephone outlet with packet telephony adapter, and a        network using same’ assigned to the present assignee. In such an        outlet, the interface adapter 256 comprises Analog to Digital        (A/D) or Digital to Analog (D/A) converters as appropriate.

In the basic scenario, interface adapter 256 can be directly connectedto the medium modem 254, allowing signal flow from a unit connected tothe outlet via connector 258 and interface adapter 256 to the wiring viathe wiring connector 251 through the medium modem 254 and thesplitter/combiner 252. In such cases, hub 255 and management 257 are notrequired.

In a managed data network environment, it would be beneficial to includepart or all of the network management functionalities into the module250. For example, addressing means may be integrated into the outlet inorder to allow the outlet to be remotely referenced. In yet anotherexample, QoS (Quality of Service) tools are embedded into the outlet formeasuring the service. Outlet integrated network managementfunctionalities may comprise or support:

-   -   1. Performance management. Measure and track network variables        such as throughput, response time and line utilization.    -   2. Configuration management. Monitor and change configuration        information to track the affects of software and hardware        elements.    -   3. Accounting management. Measure utilization so that use of        network resources can be tracked and regulated.    -   4. Fault management. Detect, log and notify users of problems        relating to the network running effectively.    -   5. Security management. Control access to network resources.

The network management functionalities are supported by the optionalmanagement/processing unit 257. Management functionalities may alsoinclude local—on outlet—visual indicators, such as indicators 33 a and33 b described above. The management/processing unit 257 is coupled toall relevant functions in the outlet such as medium modem 254, hub 255and interface adapter 256.

An optional multi-port unit (hub) 255, identical to hub 11 describedabove, may be used in order to mediate the multiple data streams in theoutlet. Basically, the hub 255 mediates between the data streamassociated with the external data device connected via connector 258 andinterface adapter 256 and the network formed over the wiring via mediummodem 254.

A telephone module 260, representing for example module 30 above, isshown in FIG. 21 as a non-limiting example of module 250. The module 260is based on HomePNA technology known in the art for carrying data overactive telephone wiring. Connector 261, associated with connector 251 ofmodule 250, is used to connect to the in-house telephone wiring. Suchconnector 261 represents the connector 31 described above.Splitter/combiner 252 of general module 250 are implemented by a set ofLow Pass Filter (LPF) 262 and High Pass Filter (HPF) 265. Similarly, themedium modem 254 of general module 250 is implemented by PNC (phonelinescarrier) modem 264. Connector 263 is a standard telephone connector(e.g. RJ-11 in North America) representing general service connector 253of general module 250. Such connector 263 represents the connector 32 adescribed above.

Similarly, an example of a powerline module 270, representing forexample module 100 above, is shown in FIG. 22. The module comprisespower connector 273 retaining the original AC power device, wiringconnector 271 to connect to the AC power wiring via power outlet such as102, and PLC modem 274. Such connector 273 represents connector 101described above. In this example, no separation is required between thewiring, the PLC modem 274 and the power connection 273, hencesplitter/combiner 252 of the general module 250 is not required. SomePLC modem 274 implementations may still require such separation device.

Another example of the general module 250 is the CATV module 280,representing for example module 90 above, shown in FIG. 23. Connector281 provides the connection to the coaxial cable, and the CATV serviceis retained via RF connector 283. Such connector 283 representsconnector 91 described above. A coax modem 284 is used as the mediummodem. In most cases the data network uses one of the video channelscarried over the coaxial cable, the splitter/combiner 252 is replaced byBand Pass Filter (BPF) 282, and the connector 283 is directly connectedto the wiring connector 281. Such connector 281 represents the connector94 described above.

LAN Environment.

While the invention has been described with regard to networks formedover wiring used for utility services (e.g. telephone, CATV and power),it will be appreciated that the invention can be equally applied tooutlets used in networks using dedicated wiring. In such a scenario, thebasic service is a single data network interface. However, it may berequired to provide additional interfaces to an outlet, beyond the basicservice of single data connectivity interface. For example, it may beused to provide multiple data interfaces wherein the wiring supportssuch single data connection. An example for such an outlet is theNetwork Jack™ product family manufactured by 3Com™ of Santa-Clara,Calif., U.S.A. In addition, such outlets are described in U.S. Pat. No.6,108,331 to Thompson entitled ‘Single Medium Wiring Scheme for MultipleSignal Distribution in Building and Access Port Therefor’ as well asU.S. Patent Application US 2003/0112965 Published Jun. 19, 2003 toMcNamara et al. entitled ‘Active Wall Outlet’.

A non-limiting functional block diagram of such a module 290 is shown inFIG. 24. While the general structure is similar to general module 250,some adaptations are required to the specific application. Thedata/service splitter/combiner 252 is not required since only a singletype of signal is carried over the wiring. A simple transceiver 293 isused to transmit and receive signals over the network wiring.Transceiver 293 a is used to interface the wiring via connector 291. The‘basic service’ of data port is provided via data connector 292, usingtransceiver 293 b. Both transceivers, as well as adapter 256 (connectedto interface connector 258) all share the data via hub 255. The outletmay be managed by management/processing function 257.

Other Functionalities.

While the invention has been described with regard to active (powerconsuming) components (e.g. modem) used to provide access to the datasignal carried over the wiring, it will be appreciated that theinvention equally applies to a module using only passive components forproviding such coupling. An example of such implementation is describedwith regard to a passive outlet is disclosed in WO 02/25920 to Binderentitled ‘Telephone communication system and method over local areanetwork wiring’. Such outlets are available as part of the etherSPLIT™system from QLynk Communication Inc. of College Station, Tex. USA.

While the invention has been described with regard to digitalinterfaces, it will be appreciated that the invention equally applies toa module wherein the adapter 256 converts to analog signal interface,such as audio or video, as well as analog sensor or analog actuator.Active outlets comprising a built-in analog converter are described forexample in WO 03/039150 to Binder published May 8, 2003 and entitled‘Outlet with Analog Signal Adapter, a Method for Use Thereof and aNetwork Using Said Outlet’. An illustration of an exemplary module 288with video interface is shown in FIG. 25, based on module 100 describedabove. Data connector 34 comprised in module 100 of FIG. 10 a issubstituted with video connector (F-Type, BNC or similar) 259 shown inFIG. 25. The relevant adapter 256 will include analog to digital (ordigital to analog or both) functions. It should be noted that connector259 is part of the module 288 and relates to video (or any analogsignal) carried in digital form over the network, and should bedistinguished from connector 91 of module 90 of FIG. 9, wherein thevideo is the basic service and thus carried in analog form over thenetwork

While the invention has been described with regard to wired andconnector-based module 288, it will be appreciated that the inventionequally applies to an outlet wherein a data unit uses non-wiredinterface, such as audio, light (e.g. infrared) and radio frequency(commonly referred to as wireless). Such outlet is described in WO01/80543 published Oct. 25, 2001 to Binder, entitled ‘Network CombiningWired and Non-Wired Segments’. In such a case, the connector 258 will bereplaced substituted with a non-wired transceiver, such as a lightemitter/receiver or antenna for RF. Alternatively, the non-wiredinterface is provided in addition to the wired interface. A pictorialview of the latter is module 268 with wireless interface is shown inFIG. 26, based on module 145 shown in FIG. 14 b above. In addition tothe data connector 34 in module 145 of FIG. 14 b, an antenna 269 isshown in FIG. 26, as an example to non-wired interface.

While the invention has been described with regard to outlets having asingle network interface (e.g. single connector 258), it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to the case whereinmultiple network interfaces are supported. Furthermore, a mix ofinterface types may be employed, such as wired digital, wired analog andnon-wired interfaces all in the same outlet. Similarly, while theinvention has been described with regard to outlets having single basicservice connection, such as telephone connector 263, power connector273, CATV connector 283 or data network connector 292, it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to the case whereinmultiple such connections are provided.

While the invention has been described with regard to outlets andnetworks based on conductive media such as wires and cables, it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to the case wherein thenetwork medium is non-conductive, such as fiber-optical cabling. In sucha case, transceiver 293 a of module 290 should be substituted by a fiberoptic transceiver, and similarly wiring connector 291 should be replacedby a fiber optic connector. Active outlets supporting data interfacesand based on fiber optic cabling are described in U.S. PatentApplication US 2002/0146207 published Oct. 10, 2002 to Chu, entitled‘Fiber Converter Faceplate Outlet’, as well as in U.S. Pat. No.6,108,331 to Thompson entitled ‘Single Medium Wiring Scheme for MultipleSignal Distribution in Building and Access Port Therefor’. As such, theterm ‘wiring’ in this application should be interpreted to includenetworks based on non-conductive medium such as fiber-optics cabling.

Module Powering.

In one or more of the embodiments according to the present invention,the module includes active components (such as medium modem 254), and assuch needs to be powered. Three non-limiting powering schemes are nowdescribed including local feeding, power over wiring and via theinterface module.

Local Feeding.

In this implementation the module is connected to an external powersource for feeding its active components. A pictorial view of such anapproach is shown in FIG. 27, illustrating a module 279 according to anyof the above embodiments. A common small AC/DC converter 278 is used(connectable to power socket 93 in distinct power outlet 102), connectedto the module via plug 296.

A power adapter may be used in the module, for adapting the externalpower to the internal needs. Such adapter may include voltage conversion(such as DC to DC converter) in order to adapt to specific voltagesrequired, protection circuits (such as fuse or current limiting),regulation and noise filtration, as well as other functionality as knownin the art. In addition, such an adapter may comprise the functionalityof an external AC/DC converter 278, allowing the module to be directlyconnected to the mains obviating the need for external converter 278.Schematic block diagram of such a module 295, comprising such poweradapter function 297 is shown schematically in FIG. 28. The poweradapter is fed from an external source via connector 296, and outputsthe required DC power to all power-fed components in the module.

Power Over Wiring.

In one or more embodiments according to the present invention, themodule is fed by power carried over the wiring and via the outlet towhich the module is connected. The power may be carried over separatedconductors. In this case, the same wiring connector 251 may be used toconnect to the power carrying conductors using separated pins.Alternatively, additional power dedicated connector may be used.

In one or more preferred embodiments, the power is carriedsimultaneously over the wiring carrying the data network signals and/orthe basic service signal. Such a module 285 is shown schematically inFIG. 29. The power splitter function 287 serves to extract the powercarried over the wiring, and feed it to the power adapter 286, ratherthan the adapter 297 being externally fed. In most cases, the powersplitter 287 operation should not interfere with the data and basicservice also carried over the same wiring (e.g. loading effects andimpedance matching).

The implementation of such a mechanism is trivial wherein the basicservice is AC power as described above with respect to module 270 shownin FIG. 22. The power splitter 287 comprises a simple filter and thepower adapter 286 comprises a standard AC/DC converter (similar to theexternal unit 278 described above).

Recent techniques developed allow for carrying simultaneously power andbasic service (and data) over the same wiring infrastructure. U.S.patent publication 20020003873 to Rabenko et al. entitled: ‘System andmethod for providing power over a home phone line network’ teachescarrying AC power over telephone wiring carrying both telephony anddata, by using a part of the spectrum not used by the other signals.Similarly, a recent technique known as Power over Ethernet (PoE) (a.k.a.Power over LAN) and standardized under IEEE802.3af, also explained inU.S. Pat. No. 6,473,609 to Lehr et al. entitled ‘Structure CablingSystem’, describes a method to carry power over LAN wiring, using thephantom mechanism. The above technologies, as well as others, may beused to provide power to any of the modules described above. The powersplitter 287 is adapted in accordance with the way power is carried. Forexample, in the case of using different spectrum for the power signal, afilter should be used. In the case of phantom type of feeding, twotransformers are required as known in the art.

Powering Via Connected Appliance.

As explained above, several data interface standards also carry powerover the interface. For example, in the case where the module isconnected to USB host unit, the USB interface may feed the module.

While the invention has been described with regard to a single powersource, it will be appreciated that the invention equally applies to thecase wherein multiple power sources are used either for redundancy orload sharing.

Non-Networking Functionalities.

While the invention has been described with regard to adding networkingrelated functionality to an existing outlet, it will be appreciated thatthe invention equally applies to any other functionality to be added toan existing outlet by mechanically attaching and electrically connectingthereto. In one or more embodiments, the added functionality involvesfunctions commonly offered as part of outlets.

One example may be added connections. Some outlets provide a singlejack, while others provide multiple connections. A module according tothe present invention may provide additional connections to asingle-connection existing outlet.

Such non-networking related functionalities may be provided alone, oradded to the above networking related functionalities. In the lattercase, a module comprises both functionalities into a single enclosure.

AC Power Module.

An exemplary module 300 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 30a, connectable to a power outlet 102 comprising single power socket 93.The module 300 is mechanically attached to the outlet 93 using sideclamping elements 71 as described above, and provides three powersockets 101 a, 101 b and 101 c, each electrically connected directly tothe socket 93. It will be appreciated that any other number of socketsmay also be provided. Furthermore, the module may be used to convertfrom one type of socket to another (such as from US type to Europeantype). In the latter case, the module may comprise the transformerrequired for voltage adaptation (e.g. from 110VAC to 240VAC).

Some power outlets are available offering built-in switched powersockets. Other outlets are known to comprise a built-in dimmer forlighting applications. Similarly, such functionalities may be added toan existing outlet by means of a module according to the presentinvention. Module 301 shown in FIG. 30 b provides switch 304, connectedin series to socket 302 to switch its power. Additionally, dimmer button305 is shown, controlling in-module dimmer circuitry, to work inconjunction with socket 303. It will be appreciated that, if desired,only one of the additional functionalities (i.e. switching and dimming)need be provided. Likewise, more than two additional functionalities maybe provided where space permits.

Other non-limiting examples of functionalities which may be available inpower outlets and may be embedded in modules in order to allow addingsuch functionalities to existing outlets (in addition to switching anddimming) are:

-   -   Fuses, and other safety means.    -   Lightning protection, and any other protection means for        protecting the connected appliance.    -   Visual indicators.    -   Grounding means such as side wiring.    -   Fan speed control.    -   TEST and RESET buttons for testing and resetting fuses.    -   Electronic timer switching.    -   Sensors, such as infrared occupancy sensors.    -   Filters (e.g. for noise filtering).    -   Security related sensors (e.g. heat, flood).

Telephone Module.

An exemplary module 310 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 31,connectable to a telephone outlet 42 comprising single telephone jack43. The module 310 is mechanically attached to the outlet 93 using anyof the described above methods, and provides four telephone jacks 311 a,311 b, 311 c and 311 d. Each such jack may be connected directly to thejack 43, allowing four telephone devices to be connected to the sametelephone line. Alternatively, in the case wherein jack 43 supports twoor more telephone connections (using different pins), the telephonejacks 311 may connect to different telephone lines (e.g. jacks 311 a and311 b to line 1 and jacks 311 c and 311 d to line 2). Such a module isdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,366,671 to Beavers, entitled ‘Multipleoutlet telephone jack’.

Some telephone outlets are available offering built-in micro-filters,known in the art for use in conjunction with ADSL and HomePNA.Similarly, such micro-filters may be added to an existing outlet bymeans of a module according to the present invention. Other non-limitingexamples of functionalities which may be available in telephone outletsand may be embedded in modules in order to allow adding suchfunctionalities to existing outlets (in addition to switching anddimming) are:

-   -   Lightning protection, and any other protection means for        protecting the connected telephone device.    -   Visual indicators.    -   Sensors, such as infrared occupancy sensors.    -   Fuses, and other safety means.    -   Filters (e.g. for noise filtering).

While the non-networking functionalities have been exampled above withregard to power and telephone outlets, it will be appreciated that theinvention equally applies to any type of outlet, including LAN and CATVoutlets. In the latter case, a RF splitter may be used within a modulefor providing multiple CATV connections.

Integrated Appliances.

While the invention has been described with regard to adding availableoutlet functionality to an existing outlet, it will be appreciated thatthe invention equally applies to any other functionality to be added toan existing outlet by mechanically attaching and electrically couplingthereto. In particular, the functionality of a device or an appliancewhich is commonly connected to an outlet can now be integrated, in partor in full, into the module. In such configuration, the need to connectvia cables the appliances to the outlet is obviated. In addition to theimproved aesthetics, excess exposed cables are inconvenient anddangerous. A few integration examples are described herein.

Small AC/DC converters such as device 278 described above are known asmeans to connect appliances to AC power. Such converter 278 may bedirectly attached to a power outlet or connected thereto via a powercord. In one or more embodiments of the invention, such a converter 278is integrated into a module. The converter may be integrated as a solefunctionality of the module or added to other functionalities. Thelatter is demonstrated by a module 321 illustrated in FIG. 32 a, basedon module 301 described above. In addition to switching and dimmingfunctions, the module 321 further comprises a converter 278, allowingdevices to be connected thereto by DC connector 322. Such an outlet withbuilt in AC/DC converter is described in Canadian Patent Application2,420,515 to Eckel et al. entitled ‘Cordless telephone outlet device’.

Power module 323 attached to a power outlet 102 is shown in FIG. 32 b.Similar to outlet 100 described above, module 323 provides three dataconnections 34 a, 34 b and 34 c. The module 323 further includes a powerswitch 304 as described above with regards to module 321, and mayinclude a switch 304 controlled power socket 302. In another embodiment,the module 323 provides a night light function integrating a switch 304controlled lamp house 324 and lamp 325 connected thereto. Add-on nightlight devices are known as add-on stand alone housings. As shown in FIG.32 b, the full night light functionality, including a switch, lamp andlamp house, are fully integrated into the module 323. While the lamphousing 324 is shown in FIG. 32 b as rigidly attached to the module,flexible mechanical attachment may also be used, as shown with regardsto the exemplary module 327 shown in FIG. 32 c. In this configuration,the lamp house 324 is attached to the module body be means of flexibleholder 326. A power outlet with built in lighting function is disclosedin U.S. Pat. No. 5,473,517 to Blackman, entitled ‘Emergency SafetyLight’.

Another example of a device connected to a power outlet is a charger,such as PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) or cellular phone chargers.Such chargers commonly comprise a charging circuit and a mechanical basefor the charged device. In one or more embodiments according to thepresent invention, such charger functionality is integrated into themodule. A front view of such a module 330, based on module 100 describedabove, is shown in FIG. 33 a, and a rear view is shown in FIG. 33 b.Added to the functions of module 100, module 330 comprises PDA chargerfunctionality. In addition to the built-in charger the module 330further comprises a receptacle 331 and connector 339, for providingelectrical connectivity and mechanical seating to the charged PDA. Themodule 330 connects electrically to an AC power outlet via the twoprongs forming the AC plug 332, and is attached thereto by any of thedescribed above methods. A PDA 333 in a charged position (assuming themodule 330 is attached to an AC power outlet) is shown in FIG. 33 c.While described above with regard to PDAs, it will be appreciated thatany mobile device may substitute the PDA, such as receptacle 336 andcellular telephone 337 shown in conjunction with the respective module335 in FIG. 33 d.

While modules 330 and 335 above are described as supporting only powerfunctionalities, it will be appreciated that data networking may also beadded. For example, in the case wherein the AC power wiring also carriesdata signals (as described above), powered (or charged) devices (such asPDA 333 or cellular telephone 337) may also access this data networksignal, acting as active nodes in the network. In such case, the modulecomprises part or all of the data functionality described above.

While modules 321, 330 and 335 are described above with regard to powermodules providing power to devices/appliances connected/attachedthereto, it will be appreciated that such power feeding functionalitiesmay be included in other outlets (e.g. telephone, CATV and LAN outlets).The module may be powered by any one of the described above modulepowering methods (or combination thereof). One such exemplary telephonemodule 338, based on telephone outlet 279 described above, is shown inFIG. 33 e. The module 338 is locally fed for powering its circuits, aswell as charging the PDA 333 via a mechanical receptacle 331.

While the modules are described above primarily for supporting powerfunctionalities, it will be appreciated that data networking may be theprimary or sole functionality supported. In such case, the deviceconnected (e.g. PDA 333 or cellular phone 337) is coupled to the datasignal carried over the wiring, acting as a node in the data network.The module comprises part or all of the data functionality describedabove, but in addition (or instead) to the data connector (e.g.connector 34) connects to the respective device. Furthermore, inaddition to the example of PDA 333 and cellular telephone 337, it willbe appreciated that any other device may be supported for powering, dataor both. Non-limiting examples are handheld or mobile devices such asdigital camera, digital music player, digital video player and web pads.

While the modules 330, 335 and 338 are described above as providing adocking function for holding either a PDA 333 or a cellular phone 337,it will be appreciated that any other such mechanical base, docking unitor mechanical attachment means may be used. In the general case, themodule according to one or more embodiments according to the presentinvention provides a mechanical means (e.g. receptacle 331) formechanically attaching devices thereto (e.g. PDA 333 and cellular phone337). The mechanical attachment may use gravity to hold the appliance tothe module, or alternatively use (solely or in addition to gravity) alatching mechanism to secure such attachment. Such mechanical means (tobe distinguished from the mechanical means used for attaching the moduleto the outlet) may also support electrical connection (as shown for thebase 331 above, also providing power connection). In other embodiments,the electrical connection uses a connector provided by the module. Aclear advantage of such approach is the ability to hang appliances anddevices on the wall, rather than occupying a commonly loaded desk space.

It should be noted that U.S. Pat. No. 6,518,724 to Janik entitled ‘Wallswitch device and power outlet device’ discloses a power wall switchcomprising a cradle for PDA or cellular telephone, as well as built-inwireless functionality. However, the cradle functionality described byJanik is part of the outlet and is not provided as an add-on module.Furthermore, Janik describes only a power outlet and in particular awall switch, and is silent about other types of outlets such astelephone, CATV and LAN outlets.

Integrated Telephone Appliances.

While the invention has been described with regard to integrating powerconsuming devices to a power module, it will be appreciated that theinvention equally applies to integrating telephone-outlet connecteddevices to telephone modules. Examples of such devices or applianceswhich commonly connects to a telephone outlets are:

-   -   Answering machines.    -   XDSL modem, including ADSL modem.    -   Dial-up modem.    -   Telephone set.    -   Cordless telephone, such as cordless telephone base unit.    -   Telemarketing avoiding devices.    -   Caller-ID units.        Any one or more of the above functionalities may be integrated        into an outlet. Furthermore, the outlet may provide mechanical        means for attaching any of the devices thereto.

Integrated CATV Appliances.

While the invention has been described with regard to integrating poweror telephone consuming devices to respective power or telephone modules,it will be appreciated that the invention equally applies to integratingCATV-outlet connected devices to CATV modules. Examples of such devicesor appliances which commonly connects to a CATV outlets are

-   -   Cable modem (e.g. DOCSIS based)    -   Set Top Box.    -   VCR.    -   DVD.    -   Television sets.    -   DVR (Digital video recorder).    -   DRM (Digital Right Management) related devices.

Non-Technical Applications.

While the modules above are described with regard to technicalfunctionalities, it will be appreciated that the invention may beimplemented for non-technical applications such as improved aesthetics.In such applications, the module may be limited to the provision of adecorative design and not necessarily include electrical or mechanicalfunctionality. Such a design may be suited to the householder's taste,and may for example be used to harmonize with other parts of the room.For example, a module according to the present invention may have aunique color, texture or decoration. Most available outlet faceplatesare offered in a very limited number of colors and shapes, and such amodule allows for a specific color, shape, texture, decoration or anyother ornamental feature. Furthermore, in the case wherein there is aneed to change the color, for example in the case of painting the walls,such change can be easily done with the module, obviating the need toreplace part or all the existing outlet and obviating the need tointerfere with the utility wiring.

In addition to decoration (e.g. color), the module may be shaped in anartistic manner. Examples of module shapes, structures and otherornamental designs are shown in FIGS. 34 a and 34 b. Both figuresillustrate power modules based on power module 100 described above, withthe distinction of providing two data communication ports 34 a and 34 b,rather than the single data connector 34 comprised in power module 100.A power module 341 is shown in FIG. 34 a attached to a power outlet 102,and providing a power socket 101 and a visual indicator 33 a. The module341 is shaped as a ‘teddy-bear’ face. Such structure, as well as anyother animal theme shapes may fit into a child's room. Other themes mayalso be employed, such as a sports personality or musician, musicalinstrument and so on. Another artistic aspect is shown as oval shapedpower module 342 in FIG. 34 b. The module 342 is shown as using snaplocking attachment method based on tabs 111 a (not shown) and 111 b asdescribed above.

Status Indicators.

The module may comprise visual indicators 33 a and 33 b as describedabove for allowing the user to easily observe the module status. Suchindicators may be LEDs (Light Emitting Diode) known in the art. Thevisual indicators may be used to indicate the following module status.

Power. The visual indicator may be used to indicate the existence ofpower in the module to power its internal active circuits. Varioustechniques have been described above for powering a module. Regardlessof the power source to the module (as described above), such indicationwill ensure that indeed power reaches the module. Such indication iscommonly marked as ‘POWER’ or ‘ON’. The indicator can be coupleddirectly to the power signal feeding the module or alternatively coupledto the power supply output. In the latter case, the indicator is used toindicate both the power signal availability and the proper operation ofthe internal power supply. The latter case is demonstrated in FIG. 35.The module 350 shown is based on module 285 described above. The module350 comprises a LED 352 connected in series to a resistor 351, requiredfor current limiting. The LED 352 may serve in this configuration asindicator 33 a, for example. The LED 352 is connected to the output ofpower adapter 286, hence the illumination of LED 352 indicates theproper operation of both the power adapter 286 and the power splitter287, as well as the existence of power feeding to the module 350.

Proper operation. A visual indicator may also be used to indicate theproper operation of part or all of the electronic circuits integratedwithin the module. The electronic circuits within the module may supportself-test or any other built-in diagnostics means, wherein the testresults will be signaled by a visual indicator.

Communication status. In the case wherein the module comprisescommunication functionality, the module may indicate the availabilityand the status of the communication. In general, two communication linksmay be involved. One communication link refers to the availability of adata communication signal over the service wiring so as to indicate thatmodem 254 receives a valid communication signal. For example, in thecase wherein two modules are installed in a home to allow communicationbetween them, both will indicate the existence of a network over theservice wiring. The other communication link involves the communicationbetween a data unit connected to the module and the module. Suchcommunication link may be established upon connecting an appropriateoperative data unit to connector 258 (or 34) of the module. Such statusindication can be based on a ‘Link Pulse’ mechanism commonly used inEthernet IEEE802.3 10/100BaseT based networks.

In addition to indicating the existence of operative data network, it isuseful to have information about the performance of such a communicationlink. For example, the data rate (either effective or nominal) may be animportant network parameter. In this case, the visual indicator willprovide information about the network performance. Common 10/100BaseTEthernet networks commonly employs two indicators to signal if thesystem works in the 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s modes. Any other visualindicators providing quantified information may be used, such as ‘bargraph’, number, multiple intensity levels and the like.

Service monitoring. The module may comprise a service monitoring means.In such a case, the visual indicator signals the availability and thestatus of a service signal. In the case of power module, theavailability of AC power (either 110 or 220 VAC) will be sensed andindicated. In the case or telephone module, the indicator may reflectthe existing or a telephone signal, the existing of ‘OFF HOOK’ state,ringing state and the like. Similarly, in the case of CATV module, theexistence of the CATV signal may be indicated

The above various states may be each represented by a single dedicatedsingle-state indicator. However, in order to reduce complexity, knowntechniques are commonly used in order to combine signals. Suchtechniques may use different colors (of the same indicator), differentintensity levels, variable duty-cycle and so forth. While visualindicators have been described, other indicating methods may be usedsuch as audible tones (as stand alone or combined with visual).

General.

While the invention has been described with regard to the configurationwherein the existing outlet is a simple passive wiring-only device andthe added functionality resides in full in the module, it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to other embodimentswherein the added functionality is split between the outlet and themodule.

While the invention has been described with regard to variousfunctionalities integrated into the module, it will be appreciated thatthe invention equally applies to other embodiments wherein suchfunctionalities are integrated solely, jointly or combined with otherfunctionalities not described above.

While the invention has been described with regard to the configurationwherein the existing outlet is a simple passive wiring-only device andthe added functionality resides in full in the module, it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to other embodimentswherein the added functionality is fully embedded in an outlet.

While the invention has been described with regard to add-on moduleshaving all the components required for added functionality, it will beappreciated that the invention equally applies to the cases wherein thefunctionality is divided between the outlet and the adapter, eachcomprising part of the required components. Furthermore, in someconfigurations more than one module may be required. In such a case, themodules can be stacked or organized in various configurations, whereineach module may be mechanical and electrically attached either to theoutlet or to other module or both. Any combination of an outlet andadd-on module may be considered as a new outlet, into which new modulemay be added according to any embodiment of the present invention.

While the invention has been described with regard to existing outlets,it will be appreciated that the invention equally applies to the caseswherein the outlet is also upgraded, such as substituting the outletwith a new one having part or all of the improved features.

Those of skill in the art will understand that the various illustrativelogical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with theembodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in any number of wayincluding electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations ofboth. The various illustrative components, blocks, modules and circuitshave been described generally in terms of their functionality. Whetherthe functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends uponthe particular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem. Skilled artisans recognize the interchangeability of hardwareand software under these circumstances, and how best to implement thedescribed functionality for each particular application.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have beendescribed, this should not be construed to limit the scope of theappended claims. Those skilled in the art will understand that variousmodifications may be made to the described embodiment. Moreover, tothose skilled in the various arts, the invention itself herein willsuggest solutions to other tasks and adaptations for other applications.It is therefore desired that the present embodiments be considered inall respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being madeto the appended claims rather than the foregoing description to indicatethe scope of the invention.

1. A device for coupling a data unit to an existing LAN cable thatcomprises one or more twisted wire pairs and is at least in part inwalls of a building, and that is terminated at a LAN outlet, said devicecomprising: a LAN connector for connecting to the LAN cable via the LANoutlet; a data port for coupling a digital data signal to the data unit;a transceiver coupled between said LAN connector and said data port forbi-directional digital data communication with the data unit; and asingle enclosure housing said LAN connector, said data port and saidtransceiver, wherein said single enclosure is mechanically attachable tothe LAN outlet using means other than said LAN connector.
 2. The deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein said device is mechanically permanently ordetachably attachable to a front surface of the LAN outlet.
 3. Thedevice according to claim 2, wherein said device is mechanicallyattachable to the front surface by one of: suction; adhesive; stickers;glue; magnetic force; and ‘hook-and loop’ fastening.
 4. The deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein said device is mechanically permanently ordetachably attachable to one or more side surfaces of the LAN outlet. 5.The device according to claim 4, wherein said device is mechanicallyattachable to at least one of the side surfaces of the LAN outlet by oneof: a movable bar, a protruding ridge, a spring clamp; and eccentriclevers.
 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein said device ismechanically permanently or detachably attachable to the LAN outlet bysnap locking or by use of a tab inserted between the outlet and one ofthe walls.
 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein said device ismechanically permanently or detachably attachable to the LAN outlet by asecuring strap or band.
 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein saiddevice is mechanically attachable to the LAN outlet by fastening screws.9. The device according to claim 1, wherein said LAN cable is connectedfor carrying a LAN signal, said device is further operative for couplingthe LAN signal to the data unit, and said device further comprises: afirst LAN socket coupled to said LAN connector for connecting to thedata unit to couple the LAN signal to the data unit.
 10. The deviceaccording to claim 9, further operative for coupling the LAN signal to asecond data unit, and wherein said device further comprises a second LANsocket coupled to said LAN connector for connecting to the second dataunit to couple the LAN signal to the second data unit.
 11. The deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the LAN cable is connected for carrying adigital data signal and said device further comprises: a LAN transceivercoupled between said LAN connector and said transceiver for transmittingdigital data to, and receiving digital data from, the LAN cable.
 12. Thedevice according to claim 11, further comprising a multi-port unitcoupled to said LAN transceiver, said multi-port unit comprising one of:a hub; a switch; a router; and a gateway.
 13. The device according toclaim 11, wherein communication over the LAN cable is based on one ofIEEE802.3 μEthernet 10BaseT and 100BaseT, and wherein said LAN connectoris an RJ-45 type connector.
 14. The device according to claim 1, furthercomprising: a power port connectable to receive a power signal from apower signal source; and a, power supply comprising an AC/DC converteror a DC/DC converter, coupled between said power port and saidtransceiver for DC powering said transceiver by the power signal. 15.The device according to claim 14, wherein said power port comprises adedicated power connector for connecting to the power signal source. 16.The device according to claim 14, wherein the LAN cable is connected tocarry the power signal, and wherein said power port is coupled to saidLAN connector to power said power supply from the power signal carriedover the LAN cable.
 17. The device according to claim 16, wherein thepower signal is carried over the LAN cable based on IEEE802.3af PoE(Power-over-Ethernet) standard, and wherein said power supply comprisesa DC/DC converter.
 18. The device according to claim 14, furthercomprising a visual indicator coupled to said power supply forindication of the status of said device.
 19. The device according toclaim 18, wherein said visual indicator is operative to indicate atleast one of: power availability to said device and Ethernetcommunication (Link) status.
 20. The device according to claim 1,further supporting safety and protection functions, and wherein saiddevice further comprises lightning protection or fuses coupled to saidLAN connector for protecting said device.
 21. The device according toclaim 1, further comprising at least part of the data unit.
 22. Thedevice according to claim 1, wherein communication with the data unit isover a non-wired medium using radio signals, said data port is anantenna, and said transceiver is a radio frequency transceiver.
 23. Thedevice according to claim 1, wherein communication with the data unit isover a non-wired medium using visible light or infrared, and said dataport is a light emitter and light receiver.
 24. The device according toclaim 1, wherein communication with the data unit is over a wiredmedium, and said data port is a data connector.
 25. The device accordingto claim 24, wherein communication with the data unit is serial-basedcommunication.
 26. The device according to claim 25, wherein thecommunication with the data unit, said data connector and saidtransceiver are respectively one of: Ethernet 10BaseT; 100BaseT;1000BaseT; USB; EIA/TIA-232; and IEEE1394.
 27. The device according toclaim 1, further comprising a multi-port unit coupled to saidtransceiver and comprising one of: a hub; a switch; a router; and agateway.
 28. The device according to claim 1, wherein said device isfurther addressable in a local area network.
 29. The device according toclaim 28, wherein: said device is part of a network; said device furthercomprises a processor; and said device further supports networkmanagement.
 30. The device according to claim 29, wherein said device isoperative to support at least one of: performance management;configuration management; accounting management; fault management; andsecurity management.
 31. The device according to claim 1, in combinationwith a cradle for detachable mounting of a handheld unit having a matingconnector, wherein said data port is a connector that is part of saidcradle, and said connector connects with the handheld unit matingconnector when the handheld unit is mounted in said cradle.
 32. Thedevice according to claim 31, wherein the handheld unit is a PersonalDigital Assistant (PDA) or a cellular telephone.
 33. The deviceaccording to claim 31, wherein said cradle is coupled to a power supplyand wherein the handheld unit is adapted to be charged when mounted insaid cradle.
 34. The device according to claim 31, wherein said cradleis coupled to said transceiver so that said device communicates with thehandheld unit when mounted in said cradle.
 35. The device according toclaim 1, further adapted to dock, supply power to, and communicate witha handheld unit.
 36. A kit comprising: said device according to claim 1;and a mechanical adapter, wherein said enclosure is mechanicallyattachable to the LAN outlet through the intermediary of said adapter,and said adapter is mechanically attachable to the LAN outlet and tosaid enclosure.
 37. A device for coupling a handheld unit to an existingLAN cable that is at least in part in walls of a building and isterminated at a LAN outlet, said device comprising: a LAN connector forconnecting to the LAN cable via the outlet; a cradle comprising amechanical adapter for docking the handheld unit thereto; a secondconnector for connecting to a mating connector in the handheld unit whenthe handheld unit is mounted in said cradle; a transceiver coupledbetween said first connector and said second connector forbi-directional communication with the handheld unit; a power portconnectable to receive a power signal from a power signal source, apower supply comprising an AC/DC converter or a DC/DC converter, coupledbetween said power port and said second connector for DC powering andcharging the handheld unit by the power signal when the handheld unit ismounted in said cradle; and a single enclosure housing said firstconnector, said cradle, said second connector and said transceiver. 38.The device according to claim 37, wherein the handheld unit is aPersonal Digital Assistant (PDA) or a cellular telephone.
 39. The deviceaccording to claim 37, wherein said transceiver is a digital datatransceiver for bi-directional digital data communication with thehandheld unit.
 40. The device according to claim 37, wherein said deviceis further operative for coupling a LAN signal to a data unit, and saiddevice further comprises a LAN socket coupled to said first connectorfor connecting to the data unit and coupling the LAN signal to the dataunit.
 41. The device according to claim 40, wherein the LAN cable isconnected for carrying the LAN signal, said device is further operativefor coupling the LAN signal to the data unit, and said device furthercomprises: a first LAN socket coupled to said LAN connector forconnecting to the data unit to couple the LAN signal to the data unit.42. The device according to claim 37 further operative for coupling theLAN signal to a second data unit, and said device further comprises asecond LAN socket coupled to said LAN connector for connecting to asecond data unit to couple the LAN signal to the data unit.
 43. Thedevice according to claim 37, further comprising a multi-port unitcoupled to said transceiver and comprising one of: a hub; a switch; arouter; and a gateway.
 44. The device according to claim 37, whereincommunication over the LAN cable is based on one of IEEE802.3 Ethernet10BaseT and 100BaseT, and wherein said LAN connector is an RJ-45 typeconnector.
 45. The device according to claim 37, wherein said power portcomprises a dedicated power connector for connecting to the power signalsource.
 46. The device according to claim 37, wherein the LAN cable isconnected to carry the power signal and said power port is coupled tosaid LAN connector to power said power supply from the power signal. 47.The device according to claim 37, wherein the power signal is carriedbased on IEEE802.3af PoE (Power-over-Ethernet) standard, and whereinsaid power supply comprises a DC/DC converter.
 48. The device accordingto claim 37, further supporting safety and protection functions, whereinsaid device further comprises lightning protection or fuses coupled tosaid LAN connector for protecting said device or the handheld unit. 49.The device according to claim 37 further being enclosed within a dataunit
 50. The device according to claim 37, further comprising a visualindicator coupled to said power supply for indication of the status ofsaid device or of the handheld unit.
 51. The device according to claim50, wherein said visual indicator is operative to indicate at least oneof: power availability to said device; and Ethernet communication (Link)status.
 52. The device according to claim 37, wherein communication withthe handheld unit is a serial-based communication.
 53. The deviceaccording to claim 37, further comprising a multi-port unit coupled tosaid transceiver and comprising one of: a hub; a switch; a router; and agateway.
 54. The device according to claim 37, wherein said device isfurther addressable in a local area network.
 55. The device according toclaim 54, wherein said device is part of a network said device furthercomprises a processor, and said device further supports networkmanagement.
 56. The device according to claim 55, wherein said device isoperative to support at least one of: performance management;configuration management; accounting management; fault management; andsecurity management.